1.United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998;352:837-53.
2.National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Type 2 Diabetes. National clinical guideline for management in primary and secondary care (update) London: NICE, 2008.
3.Williams B, Poulter NR, Brown MJ, Davis M, et al. Guidelines for the management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society, 2004-BHS IV. J Hum Hypertens 2004;18:139-85.
4.ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Effects of intensive blood glucose control on vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: results of the ADVANCE trial. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2560-72.
5.The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Study Group. Effects of Intensive Glucose Lowering in Type 2 Diabetes Volume N Engl J Med 2008, 358:2545-59.
6.Hemmingsen B, Lund SS, Gluud C, Vaag A, Almdal T, Hemmingsen C, et al. Targeting intensive glycaemic control versus targeting conventional glycaemic control for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 6:CD008143.
7.Boussageon R, Bejan-Angoulvant T, Saadatian-Elahi M, Lafont S, Bergeonneau C, Kassai B, et al. Effect of intensive glucose lowering treatment on all cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and microvascular events in type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2011;343:d4169.
8.Yudkin JS, Richter B, Gale EAM. Intensified glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes: time for a reappraisal. Diabetologia 2010;53:2079-85.
9.Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Benefit assessment of long-term blood glucose lowering to near normal levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. IQWIG, 2011.
10.United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. UKPDS 38. BMJ 1998;33:123-55.
11.Hannson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlof B, Elmfeldt D, Julius S, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin on patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomized trial. Lancet1998;351:1755-62.
12.Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:7-22.
13.Beradis et al. Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in people with diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2009;339:b4531.
14.Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, Matthews DR, Manley SE, Cull CA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 2000;321:405-12.
15.Le Roith D. Current therapeutic algorithms for type 2 diabetes. Clin Cornerstone 2001;4:38-49.
16.UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 1998;352:854-65.
17.Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review. JAMA 2002;287:360-72.
18.American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: the AACE system of intensive diabetes self-management--2000 update. Endocrine Practice 2000;6:43-84.
19.Kahn S et al. for The ADOPT Study Group. Glycemic Durability of Rosiglitazone, Metformin, or Glyburide Monotherapy. N Engl J Med2006;355:2427-43.
20.Home P, Pocock SJ, Beck-Nielsen H, Curtis PS, Gomis R, Hanefeld M et al. for the RECORD Study Group. Rosiglitazone evaluated for cardiovascular outcomes in oral agent combination therapy for type 2 diabetes: the RECORD clinical trial. Lancet 2009;373:2125-35.
21.http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2010/09/news_detail_001119.jsp&murl=menus/news_and_events/news_and_events.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1
22.http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2011/07/news_detail_001311.jsp&murl=menus/news_and_events/news_and_events.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1
23.Russell-Jones D, Vaag A, Schmitz O, Sethi BK, Lalic N, Antic S et al. on behalf of the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes 5 (LEAD-5) met+SU Study Group. Liraglutide vs insulin glargine and placebo in combination with metformin and sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-5 met+SU): a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 2009;52(10):2046-55.
24.Holman R, Farmer AJ, Davies MJ, Levy JC, Darbyshire JL, Keenan JF et al. for the 4-T Study Group. Three-Year Efficacy of Complex Insulin Regimens in Type 2 Diabetes N Engl J Med 2009;361:1736-47.